The Institute of Medical Parasitology and Tropical Medicine was set up after the Revolution by a prominent Russian scholar Evgeny Martsinovskiy (1874-1934). A graduate of Moscow University, Dr. Martsinovskiy worked for a while as a physician of the Infections Clinic of Pavlov Hospital (now City Hospital No. 4). During WWI he organised war medic teams who went to the front line to fight infection outbreaks in the troops. Dr. Martsinovskiy served as the Director of the Institute from the year of its foundation in 1920 (when it was known as the Institute of Protozoan Diseases and Chemotherapy) until his death in 1934. The Institute is responsible for eradicating malaria in the USSR, helping significantly decrease the incidence of beef tapeworm infection, ascariasis and trichocephaliasis, and introducing Russian-made antiparasitic medications into the medical practice.